Shanggie Broth Mix Beef 8 Oz
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the world'south favorite motion picture characters to life, The Sorcerer of Oz (1939) had so much going on behind the emerald drape and the Technicolor gloss of an astonishing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th ceremony of the flick, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek behind that drape and learn more than nigh the secrets and fun facts that make the dear film a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Earlier the Picture
As a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of Fifty. Frank Baum'southward Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to exist considered for a office in the 1939 flick adaptation. Hamilton called her amanuensis to ask which character the producers wanted her to play, and her amanuensis famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single female parent, fought MGM for an agreed upon corporeality of guaranteed work time. Three days earlier filming began, the studio agreed to a 5-calendar week deal. In the terminate, Hamilton was on gear up for three months, but many of her scenes were cut for existence besides scary for audiences.
Dorothy's Original Look Was More Movie Star Than Subcontract Daughter
Sure, Dorothy Gale doesn't need prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't mean Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the time, the sixteen-year-quondam Garland had to wear a corset-like device so she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "babe-doll" makeup (every bit whatsoever preadolescent daughter would…). Luckily, that vision of the character inverse. Afterwards MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to be herself. Smart move.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Great Movie Magic
The Wizard of Oz employs a lot of great movie tricks, and some of the well-nigh unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald Urban center, leaving the phrase "Surrender Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special furnishings squad spread blackness ink across the bottom of a glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in reverse and filmed the scene from below. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — W W W."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Dangerous
One of the Wicked Witch's last-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to meet the Wonderful Sorcerer of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many similar to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the consequence of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more blatant toxic connection than that.
All that magical snow? It's really 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Even though the wellness risks associated with the material were known at the fourth dimension, it was still Hollywood's preferred selection for faux snowfall. Our advice to Dorothy? Don't catch any snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow'southward Makeup Stuck Around for Awhile
In the cease, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more than ways than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Can Man's) willingness to trade parts with him. The Tin Man's aluminum makeup caused a huge corporeality of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger'southward makeup experience was improve than Ebsen'southward, he still had some issues. The Scarecrow'due south makeup consisted of a rubber prosthetic, complete with a woven blueprint that mimicked the look of burlap. After the moving-picture show wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's confront that took more than than a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set
In a burst of flames and red fume, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may have instilled more fear for Hamilton. On the get-go take, the smoke rose from a hidden trapdoor too early.
For the second accept, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, but her cape snagged on the platform when the fire flared up. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing 2nd- and third-degree burns on her hands and face. To make matters worse, the coiffure tried to remedy her burns with (an even more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch's legion of flight monkeys — or Winged Monkeys as they're chosen in the source material — take certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary as the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thanks to the magic of piano wires.
Yet, the aeriform stunt went awry when several of the piano wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage flooring. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cut downwards on man marionettes), filmmakers fabricated miniature safe monkeys to aid populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was About on the Cut Room Floor
To no one's surprise, the American Motion-picture show Plant ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. Merely what may surprise yous? The (arguably) most iconic song of Judy Garland's career was most cut from the motion-picture show.
Studio execs at MGM idea the vocal made the Kansas scenes as well long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't empathise the song'south meaning. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland'southward bawling reprise of the song was left on the cut room floor.
The Tin Man Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Like shooting fish in a barrel
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a 90-pound king of beasts costume, Jack Haley didn't accept it easy either. From the lingering concerns about the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and easily to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" torso and arms, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was then stiff that he had to lean against a board to rest properly. Many years later, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the aforementioned issue with his rigid costume. It seems even fantasy and sci-fi can't aid folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Human being Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was cast as the Scarecrow, but traded parts with Ray Bolger. However, Ebsen's new character, the Can Man, caused him a earth of issues. Namely, the character'south silvery makeup contained a harmful aluminum dust that coated Ebsen's lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the part with Jack Haley (and changed up the makeup), but didn't explicate why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't announced in the final moving picture, his vocals can be heard in "We're Off to Run across the Wizard."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave United states the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is total of practical special effects that really hold upwards. The funnel itself was really a 35-foot long stocking made of muslin. The special furnishings team spun it effectually miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale house, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is only a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers and then reversed the footage to make it look like the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up And so Either
Pay inequality has always been an event in Hollywood. For case, Adriana Caselotti, phonation of the titular graphic symbol in Walt Disney's Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her performance. The film went on to brand roughly $eight million.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was better than Caselotti'due south — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — but it still didn't reflect the movie'due south success. Even more than discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per week as Toto. A existent yikes.)
Bert Lahr'southward King of beasts Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought information technology might cast its mascot — the actual lion used in the studio'southward championship bill of fare — as the cowardly character. Fortunately, for the safety of the actors and the animal, the filmmakers decided to bandage actor Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic character instead.
To make a convincing brute, the costume department fashioned Lahr a 90-pound outfit made from real panthera leo skin. However, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his character'southward nerves. Each night, two stagehands dried the costume for the next day.
The Initial Box Office Returns Were Uneven
The movie started shooting in Oct of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking upward an unheard of $two,777,000 in costs. That'southward almost $l 1000000 adjusted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the motion-picture show just earned $3 1000000 at the box role — near $51.viii one thousand thousand by today's standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Low-era film, recollect that Disney fabricated $viii 1000000 with Snowfall White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz's modest success in the U.S. barely covered product and film rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — but success overseas fortunately bolstered the film's returns.
The Nighttime Side of Oz in a Time Earlier "Me Too"
Judy Garland was just 16 years sometime when she was cast every bit Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were often given to immature actors to assistance them sleep after studios shot them up with adrenaline so they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't help, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a writer for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and caput Louis B. Mayer], who considered her fiddling more than than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, coffee and craven soup.
The Vocalization of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years earlier The Wizard of Oz debuted, Walt Disney's feature-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) became a smash-hit. Non just did the movie revolutionize the animation industry, information technology as well reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snow White — then the most successful film of all fourth dimension — with an adaptation of The Sorcerer of Oz, but MGM owned the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Tin Homo'south "If I Only Had a Heart," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art thou Romeo?"
The Ruby Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy's iconic footwear was originally argent, but screenwriter Noel Langley felt the scarlet color would really pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in about 2,300 sequins.
I of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution'south National Museum of American History. Since the brandish is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpeting in that location several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, but the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only I Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your classic risk story, and Dorothy's quest leads her from a Kansas farm to another earth — consummate with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. Still, despite all these scenic locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
As was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted past studio artists, making information technology possible for filmmakers to transport audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the only location footage in the flick is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real bargain.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is ane of the virtually beloved dogs in film history. Terry was famously non a huge fan of special effects and tin can often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — like when the Tin Man spouts out all of that steam.
Later one of the Witch's guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through ii doubles to find one that resembled the original canine player more than closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was so addicted of Terry that she wanted to adopt the dog.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to being a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton besides believed her character was more than than simply your run-of-the-factory evil villain. More 35 years after the film debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to show kids it was brand-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the character.
According to Hamilton, the so-chosen Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was likewise a deplorable, lonely figure. In short, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked also takes this arroyo to the Witch'south grapheme.
The "Equus caballus of a Different Colour" Was Fabricated Possible Thank you to a Nutrient Product
In 1939, audiences were just equally amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Man and the Cowardly Lion when the horse in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a different color" was made possible thank you to a surprising nutrient item…
Clot-O crystals were used to colour the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move quickly — the animals were eager to lick up the sugariness treat. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The horse-fatigued railroad vehicle was in one case endemic by President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Section Hired on Extra Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald City to the Witch's flying monkeys, then many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in order to give life to this fantasy film. To keep up with the daily demands, MGM chosen upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since about of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Most actors had to get in before 5:00 in the morning — vi days a week! — to begin the intensive procedure.
Memorable (& Oft Misquoted) Lines Fill the Picture
The moving picture is chock-full of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the great fortune of beingness responsible for some of the most quoted lines in pic history likewise. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Flick Lines" and placed a whopping iii of the motion picture's lines on the list.
"Pay no attention to that human backside the curtain" was voted #24, while "There's no place like home" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I accept a feeling nosotros're not in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch'due south Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the movie is incredible. Like the "equus caballus of a different color" sequence, some other iconic, special effects-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Soon after Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the cerise slippers from the young girl's feet. Notwithstanding, fire strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "fire" is actually apple tree juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-upward clip to make information technology look more flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Department
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and role problem-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to exist lit with arc lights, which oft heated the fix to a toasty 100 degrees.
Later the lights were set, the experts experimented with what would expect best on film, specially in colorized course. For example, the white part of Dorothy'southward clothes is actually pinkish — just considering it filmed ameliorate. And the oil the Tin Human being is so excited about? It'southward actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the East Makes More Than Ane Appearance
Office of the Wicked Witch of the Westward's beef with Dorothy is that the young girl dropped a house on her sister, the Wicked Witch of the E, who was the short-lived owner of the scarlet slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she likewise plays the Wicked Witch of the East — if only briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her bedroom window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch outside the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the movie makes that shimmer even more noticeable.
The Motion picture's Running Time Was Cut Downwards Several Times
The first cutting of the movie clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like nothing by today's Marvel movie standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off 20 minutes.
After cutting the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow trip the light fantastic toe sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, afterwards, nixed Dorothy'due south "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald City reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin Man becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
So Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton'southward Wicked Witch of the Due west functioning as well frightening for audiences and cutting or trimmed many of her scenes. Only non everyone thought her performance was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch'due south nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the motion-picture show'southward starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the set described Garland excitedly showing off a apparel to Hamilton, declaring she was going to wear information technology for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM'southward Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press bout the solar day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Color Sequences by Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes it seem as though the unabridged film was shot in color. Was this done deliberately, or was it a minor syntactical faux pas?
Information technology's widely believed this was a scrap of a stunt washed to enhance the surprise of the picture turning into full three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the film's debut made no mention of sepia tint (or "black-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
One of History's Nearly-Watched Films
Although The Wizard of Oz proved popular in theaters, some other movie released the same year, besides directed by Victor Fleming, really topped the box office. (Yous may have heard of that footling movie — information technology's chosen Gone with the Wind.) Nonetheless, MGM's musical fantasy may have more staying ability than other films of the era, cheers in part to re-releases.
The flick was outset circulate on television on November iii, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 1000000 viewers. It's believed that The Wizard of Oz is one of the 10 nigh-watched characteristic-length movies in flick history, largely due to the number of annual boob tube screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tvmovies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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